Ancient Rome

history

The fall of the Temple of Jerusalem refers to the destruction of the Second Temple by Roman forces in 70 CE, marking a decisive turning point for Jews in the Land of Israel and...

history

Romans of varied social classes enjoyed a wide range of games, from competitive board games like Ludus Latrunculorum and Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum to physical exercises, dice ga...

history

In ancient Rome, plebeians were the ordinary citizens who formed the bulk of the population and, over time, the foundation of the city-state’s social and political order. This...

history-civilization

In the Roman Republic and Empire, plebeians were citizens, but they were a subset of citizens with initially limited political and legal rights compared to patricians. As status...

architecture-history

Understanding the Colosseum seating chart reveals how ancient Rome organized spectators by rank, wealth, and citizenship. In the Flavian amphitheatre, known as the Colosseum, ea...

language-and-linguistics

In Ancient Rome, the dominant spoken and written language was Classical Latin, the state language of government, law, and military communication, alongside literary Latin for ph...

Religion and Mythology

The 12 Roman gods commonly referenced in classical tradition refer to the principal deities of the Roman state religion, often aligned with the Greek Olympians through interpret...

Television & Period Media

This piece explains how television series about ancient Rome are structured, what historical ground they typically cover, and how creators balance evidence with storytelling. It...

history

The phrase ‘Rome 1 hoplite’ refers to the early Roman state’s heavy infantry soldier during the mid to late Republic, roughly the fourth to third centuries BCE. This was t...

historical-living-conditions

Plebeians, the majority of Rome’s free residents outside the elite, primarily lived in dense urban neighborhoods in and around the city center, with most renting modest rooms...